• The Twitter Story

• Business Valuation Purpose and Applications of Valuation

• M&A, Investment, Litigation, Financial Reporting, etc.

• The Valuation Spectrum

• Book Value vs. Market Value vs. Intrinsic Value

• Key Valuation Principles

• Time Value of Money

• Risk and Return

• Financial Statement Analysis

• Understanding Financial Statements

• Income Statement, Balance Sheet, Cash Flow Statement

• Financial Ratios and Metrics

• Liquidity, Solvency, Profitability, Efficiency, and Market Value Ratios

• Adjustments for Extraordinary Items

• Approaches to Valuation

• Income Approach

• Discounted Cash Flow (DCF)

• Capitalized Cash Flow

• Market Approach

• Comparable Company Analysis (CCA)

• Precedent Transaction Analysis (PTA)

• Cost Approach

• Replacement Cost

• Liquidation Value

• Advanced DCF Analysis

• Forecasting Free Cash Flows

• Projections, Assumptions, and Sensitivity Analysis

• Discount Rate Determination

• Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC)

• Cost of Equity (CAPM) and Cost of Debt

• Terminal Value Estimation

• Perpetuity Growth Model

• Exit Multiple Method

• Relative Valuation Techniques

• Selecting and Analyzing Comparables

• Using Multiple Valuation Metrics P/E, EV/EBITDA, P/BV, etc.

• Industry-specific Multiples and Adjustments

• Valuation of Intangible Assets

• Brands and Trademarks

• Customer Relationships and Contracts

• Intellectual Property (Patents, Copyrights, etc.)

• Valuation in Special Cases Startup and Early-stage Company Valuation

• Venture Capital Method, Scorecard Method

• Valuation of Distressed Businesses

• Valuation for M&A Synergies

• Sector-specific Valuation Challenges - Tech Companies

• Understanding SaaS Metrics, Network Effects

• Real Estate and Infrastructure

• Natural Resources Companies

• Oil, Gas, Mining: Reserve Valuation

• Consideration of Non-Financial Factors

• Corporate Governance and Management Quality

• Geopolitical and Regulatory Risks

• ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) Factors in Valuation

• Tools, Software, and Platforms

• Excel Modeling for Valuation

• Valuation Software Overview

• Capital IQ, Bloomberg, etc.

• AI and Machine Learning in Modern Valuation

• Business Aspects of Mergers, Acquisitions, Partnerships & Investing

• Stakeholders & their Data & Risk Needs and Expectations

• Legal & Regulatory Aspects of Mergers, Acquisitions, Partnerships & Investing

• Understanding Financial Statements

• Understanding Non-Financial Statements

• Comparing Like with Like

• National Variations due to different
  
  (1) Laws
  
  (2) Regulations
  
  (3) Rules
  
  (4) Accounting Standards
  
  (5) Codes of practice

• Going Concern and Suspended Operations Company Analysis

• Fully Owned Subsidiary Company

• Partly owned Subsidiary Company

• Intra-Group Trading

• Retained Profits

• Capital Gains

• Asset Valuation

• Potential Future Risks

• Profit and Cashflow generating capacity

• Liquidity, Solvency

• Future Performance

• Currency Fluctuations

• Impact of Future Inflation

• Current Purchasing Power Accounting (CPP)

• Current Cost Accounting (CCA)

• Original or Historic or Book Values

• Replacement Value

• Valuations based on Going Concern

• Current Market Value or Disposal Value

• Prudent Accounting

• Aggressive Accounting

• Inventory Valuation Method Alternatives

• Depreciation Method Alternatives

• Recent Accounting Method Changes

• Important and Material Information about the Company

• How to Ensure Information is
  
  (1) Timely
  
  (2) Free from Errors
  
  (3) Unbiased
  
  (4) Complete
  
  (5) Clearly Relevant

• Variations in Accounting Standards between Countries

• Stock Exchange Listing Requirements from Stock Exchange and Relevant Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC)

• Non-Standardization of Chairman or CEO Statement

• Non-Standardized Operating and Financial Review (OFR)

• Understanding True and Fair View of a Company's Financial Performance and Position

• Liability Variation due to Different Legal Systems based on Common and Roman Law Countries

• Dynamic Nature of Interpretations of True and Fair View

• Balanced and Objective Changing Value of
  
  (1) Different Lines of Business
  
  (2) Risk Factors
  
  (3) Expectations of Future Changes, Events, Trends and Uncertainties

• Rule about Data Compilations and Analysis - When in doubt what to do?

• Hindsight Factors

• Format and Framework to Compile the Real Worth with different levels of Accuracy Probabilities.

• Deeper Insights into Real Worth Evaluation Processes, Skills & Competencies

• Professional Industry Standards and Compliance Checklists

• Real Worth Evaluation Process by Process Policy, Objectives and Customer Expectations for Key Processes

• For each Real Worth Evaluation Process Procedures, Controls, Internal Audits

• Process by Process Feedback and Performance Evaluation

• Key Real Worth Evaluation Process KPIs

• Specific Methods to Increase Real Worth Evaluation Productivity

• Performance Evaluation for Success in Meeting Real Worth Evaluation Objectives

• Step-by-Step Methodology for Developing Meaningful KPIs for Real Worth Evaluation Business Unit

• Planning & Developing a Real Worth Evaluation Process Knowledgebase

• Workshops: Applying What you have Learnt during the program.

• Advanced Insights on Real Worth Evaluation Critical Issues

• Understanding the Real Worth Evaluation Performance Risks and Problems

• Setting up Early Warning System of Real Worth Evaluation Problems and Opportunities

• Methodology for Building a Real Worth Evaluation Data ANalytics and Artificial Intelligence Methods Knowledgebase

• Making a Leadership Contribution in your Real Worth Evaluation Business Unit

• Ideas for Coaching and Training of Real Worth Evaluation unit staff

• Professional Real Worth Evaluation Certification Tests

• Professional Certification Interview

• Program Recommendations

• Detailed Personalized Real Worth Evaluation Improvement Action Plan